Weather or climate elements, and characteristics
The global, hemispheric or regional Records are observations of weather and climate extremes as described in the list below:
Weather or climate element | Element Characteristic | Global | Hemispheric | WMO Region or other |
Temperature | Highest Temperature | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Lowest Temperature | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Pressure | Highest Sea Level Air Pressure Below 750m | ✓ |
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Highest Sea Level Air Pressure Above 750m | ✓ |
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Lowest Sea Level Air Pressure (excluding tornadoes) | ✓ |
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Rainfall | Greatest 1-Min Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest 60-Min Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest 12-Hr Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest 24-Hr Rainfall | ✓ | ✓ |
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Greatest 48-Hr Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest 72-Hr Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest 96-Hr Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest 12-Mo Rainfall | ✓ |
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Greatest Precipitation (average annual) |
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Least Precipitation (average annual) |
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Hail | Heaviest Hailstone | ✓ | ✓ |
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Aridity | Longest Dry Period | ✓ |
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Wind | Maximum Gust | ✓ | ✓ |
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Maximum Gust for Tropical Cyclone | ✓ |
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Lightning | Longest Distance Lightning Flash | ✓ |
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Longest Duration Lightning Flash | ✓ |
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Weather-Related Mortality | Highest Mortality: Lightning | ✓ |
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Highest Mortality: Lightning (single stroke) | ✓ | |||
Highest Mortality: Tropical Cyclone | ✓ | |||
Highest Mortality: Tornado | ✓ | |||
Highest Mortality: Hailstorm | ✓ | |||
Highest Mortality: Tornado | ✓ | |||
World Tornado Records | Longest-lasting / Greatest Distance Traveled (single tornado) | ✓ |
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Biggest (Numerical) Tornado Outbreak | ✓ |
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Widest Tornado (maximum diameter) | ✓ |
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Calendar Month with Greatest number of Tornadoes | ✓ |
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Highest Recorded Tornadic Wind Speed | ✓ |
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Longest Tornado Transport | ✓ |
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World Tropical Cyclone Records | ||||
Most Intense - by Central Pressure (World and Eastern Hemisphere) | ✓ |
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Most Intense - by Central Pressure (Western Hemisphere) | ✓ |
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Most Intense - by Maximum Sustained Surface Wind | ✓ |
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Maximum Surface Wind Gust for Tropical Cyclone | ✓ |
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Fastest Intensification | ✓ |
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Highest Storm Surge | ✓ |
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First Identified South Atlantic Hurricane | ||||
Largest Tropical Cyclone (winds from center) | ✓ |
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Smallest Tropical Cyclone (winds from center) | ✓ |
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Longest Lasting Tropical Cyclone | ✓ |
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Longest Distance Traveled by Tropical Cyclone | ✓ |
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Smallest eye | ✓ |
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Largest eye | ✓ |
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Largest Rainfall of Tropical Cyclones | 12 hr | ✓ |
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24 hr | ✓ |
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48 hr | ✓ |
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72 hr | ✓ |
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96 hr | ✓ |
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10-day | ✓ |
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World Meteorological-Related Phenomena Records | World's Highest Significant Wave Height by Ship Observation | ✓ |
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World’s Highest Significant Wave Height by Buoy | ✓ |
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